Ken Hegemann's MXLO Magnetic Motor replicationMXLO Magnet Motor Open Sourcing Project

Summary: This open sourcing project sponsored by Pure Energy Systems, based on a design by MXLO, commenced Mar. 3, 2004 and was active for about a month.  At least 14 (8 verified) replications were built, none of which worked, proving that MXLO plans are neither easy nor complete, contrary to what they insinuate on their site, which now redirects to the U.S. government's renewable energy site. On July 10, a hint about shielding was given that was not contained in the plans.

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Pure Energy Systems > Open Sourcing > Magnetic Motors > MXLO > Plans > Assembly > Tips

Assembly Tips

In keeping with the design as presented by MXLO

See also: Communications from MXLO - 8-page compilation by Brian Prothro (RetroRocket59) from personal phone calls from MXLO and all email messages posted to the pes_mxlo Yahoo user group to date.
.
Notice from MXLO "Parts/Plans" order page:
PLEASE NOTE: Not everyone will be able to build a working unit simply by reading and following the plans. Adjustment of the assembled unit is required as is patience in performing these adjustments.

Page Contents:


Like Threading a Needle from Across the Room

From: "retrorocket59" <brian@ziponline.com>
Sent: Monday, March 15, 2004 2:46 PM
Subject: [pes_mxlo] Zinc Answer is here

[from] MXLO

"Your unit will work as is, if you have the patience to find the zero point. This is the same thing that is needed for any other magnetic motor. Even the ones that were built to half scale could work because the layout is correct to create the effect but the zero point must be found. Think of it as threading a needle from across a room, it is a difficult task but it can be done."

Follow the Plans to the Letter

Sent: Thursday, March 11, 2004 9:38 AM
Subject: Re: [pes_mxlo] quick Idea

I would really urge you all to stick to the plans as they are.
 
There is something we are missing, and it isn't something obvious.
 
Don't be so quick to give up on the design as it is given.
 
Do everything as the plans prescribe, from the type of glue, to the type of plastic, to the type of magnet and bearing, etc.
 
To the letter.
 
There is something about how to place the stator in position that is the key, from what I can gather.
 
Sterling

Tips from Retrorocket59 - Thomas (MXLO) Phone Conversation

From: "retrorocket59" <retrorocket59@yahoo.com>
Sent: Thursday, March 04, 2004 8:35 PM
Subject: [pes_mxlo] Got their call

I have built a unit that I have not gotten working, but Thomas of MXLO called me within 30 minutes of my email.  I will pass on all he said and what I have found.  I cannot work on it again for a few days.  I have not gotten it to spin but he strongly said to keep trying, more on that in a moment.

Tech Tips from Thomas:
  • -Stronger Neodymium's should not be a problem.
  • -The bearing does not need an "electrical" connection to the aluminum strip for the unit to work, but the strip is necessary to affect one of the stator fields.
  • -The question everyone asks about the copper sheet versus wire is a non-issue, they just thought the wire developed more power.
  • -you might as well "stick" the aluminum down, Thomas said the rotor can get going, but wobble would be a problem.  He relates that many people get slower rotation results.  There is at least one individual who cannot get it to turn after days.  This is unusual he said.
  • -There will be a video SOON, for clients that will offer some details, like angles that have an effect on the speed of the rotor. Everyone who paid will get an email about these minor new detail, and I said few, he did not emphacise this.
  • -The outer wire is just for output, it is not needed to run the unit.
  • -He mentioned that it may not be critical, but they used the ceramic magnets on the rotor so they would have a weaker field, I mentioned 1/2" button magnets from Radio Shack and he said fine.  I use neos on the stator.
  • -You may need to adjust the height of your rotor shaft, the magnets should be level with the center of the height of the stator.
  • -Your rotor should spin FLAT, not wobbling, this was my interpretation of this brief statement that I cannot remember.

Construction tips:

  • -If you could not open the 'WORKS' version of the instructions you received by email and had to use the HTML ones, there was some accidentally hidden text when I pasted it to WORD, so I had to select all the pages text and turn it "black" before I printed.
  • -Once in WORD, you can click on and stretch the images to get
    excellent detail.
  • -1/8 inch acrylic bends too easy (use 1/4") and my magnet constantly popped off due to the bending/curve, aaaargh.  It also, if bent, will put one stator face a bit closer to the rotor, possibly a problem.
  • -I had to shim up the under-edge of my bearing because it rubbed on the aluminum tape below it.
  • -If you buy a regular 1-3/8" x 5/8" inch bearing with grease in it that slows it down, pop the plastic (hopefully) seals off and use acetone repeatedly to remove ALL grease, (which will slow the bearing down) for this app the dry bearing is fine.  I went to a bearing supply and paid $8.50.
  • -Use an instant glue with "gap filling" properties.  This is a "thicker" version you will find at the model/hobby shops.  And then later, acetone may remove the glue from the magnets for future use.
  • -Ha Ha, Do not put magnets on two sides of your glue bottle, or when they find each other (which they will), you will have instant glue everywhere!
  • -If you use magnets 25% bigger in O.D., then make you stator and rotor plates 25% bigger.  Rotor height must increase also to be centered.
  • -I used photoshop on the images and reprinted them to make SURE the templates/plastic was in exact dimensions. 
  • -If you cut your own wooden dowel for the rotor, put the cut end you made down, so the rotor attaches to the flattest end of the dowel - as purchased from the store.  I epoxy'd my rotor to dowel.

Last - Thomas said it was a very delicate "centering" of alignment, you had to keep trying with very delicate nudging.

I am a Do-It details person.  I would very much appreciate anyone else's critical feedback on construction.  It is my intent to share everything.  And if I get this working, I have ideas on a number of arrangements to attempt.  Maybe a few of us who get it working could each take different modifications to speed understanding.  I already have a long "short" list.  I also have a laser cutter for acrylic and a small fabrication warehouse with workers.  I do not want to take any market product or get rich (unless someone else creates the market, and it is FOR-SURE no big boys are coming out to stop it. I just want proof and play-time!

--- RetroRocket59 ---
[See RetroRocket59's Replication page]


More tips from MXLO compiled by RetroRocket59

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/pes_mxlo/message/451

From:  "retrorocket59" <brian@ziponline.com>
Date:  Sat Mar 13, 2004  4:54 pm
Subject:  Much of my info from MXLO

In the interest of getting us all on the same page, I have gone back
through my personal emails I received from MXLO and mostly have not
posted here. One of which led me recently to suggest what I had
suggested about aluminum alignment. I think you may find these very
helpful.

MXLO's commentary at the end is very revealing of their attitude,
which I commend. It is rare in F/E to have someone answer ALL your
emails and even call you - a show of confidence. If they are giving
this much away and have a non-disclosure to limit dissemination as
well, then they are not here to prove anything, nor owe anyone
anything.
...keeping it out there…
RetroRoctet59

Aluminum strip orientation not vital, but must be present
I had asked several questions about the aluminum plate. and... When
it works, is the aluminum strip perpendicular to one of the stator
plates, as some instruction photos show?:
"the Aluminum strip is vital to motion, period."
"The aluminum strip is only required to retard the stator/rotor
field. It need not be perpendicular to any particular stator strip."
(From other communications as well, I infer the aluminum helps
overcome the lock-up point.)

Rotor Height, Relative to Stator is Flexible
I asked about the rotor height:
"The point in adjustment can be higher than the center magnets, or
lower, to start rotation."

Cannot flip the stator over
I asked, If you flip the stator over, will it still work?
"No. We spent literally days trying to operate it in the position
with no success. We have sometimes also spent days trying to make it
run in the upright position without success. The thing we discovered
while experimenting with the device was that positioning marks would
be required. This would allow us to work from a certain position to
another. This would insure us that the device worked in that area
and also insure us that we have covered that area before moving to
the next. It is a zero point that must be achieved between stator
and rotor."

Gauge of Aluminum Strip
I asked, Can the aluminum be aluminum tape from the hardware store
or does it have to have thickness - 16 gauge you state?:
"I cannot answer that because we have never used tape. The material
list that we have is the materials we were told to use. The only
change (...in the instructions) that was made was the change from a
copper sheet to the coil. This was done because we were able to
produce a higher VDC reading."

Magnet Strength
I asked, have you tried rotor magnets equivalent in strength and
size on the rotor? (but I meant stator) or how strongly do you feel
that the rotor magnets need to be weaker and smaller? Could too
strong cause lockups?
"We are not scientist, and again also not the inventors of the
device, so we used what we were instructed to use. I assume the
ceramic on the rotor is the weaker of the two fields, which in turns
allows the rotation, as compared to a balanced system."

Aluminum Doesn't Need to be Soldered
I asked, ...your website, and indirectly in instructions, say: `A
strip of aluminum is soldered to the bottom of the rotor shaft and
connected to ground.'
"This is something that we were instructed was required. We find
that solder is not needed. But because it was in the original plans
it was left there."

Spacing of Magnets
I asked: Have you ever let the pairs of magnets touch edges, as if
you had magnets too big? This is the kind of thing I am seeing on
the discussion board photos. (I know you already mention scale it
up if the magnets are bigger.):
"Correct, scale it up if the magnets are bigger. There is spacing
for a reason."

Alignment for Operation is Within Millimeters
I asked, How close is the alignment to get it working - millimeters,
1/8" inch?
"For us it is millimeters. When we learned the effect it did not
seem as delicate."

Rotation Speed Varies from 30 RPM to Very Fast
I asked about rotation speed:
"RPMs can vary. This from 30 RPM when you have not exactly hit the
correct position to a point that may actually frighten you. This
because you know that only glue is holding the magnet between stator
and a high velocity impact with hand, body, face. "
(30 RPM being one full revolution per 2 seconds.)

Speed Relative to Proper Positioning with Stator
More single Statements I received from MXLO:
"Rotor speed will vary depending on relation to stator/rotor."

Ground of Aluminum Strip Self-Contained
"The ground of the aluminum strip is created/contained within itself
in rotation of magnetic field."

About Getting the Plans Out
When I probed MXLO about their mission.:
"We do not always get our unit to start but with patience we can
start it again. Others have made it work and I am certain that
almost anyone can. We are not making a big effort to get it out
because it does not have national interest. The only interest for
many is as you said, to grab some prize. When we attempted to
relinquish the innovation on the inventor's behalf we were met with
many evils, so because of this we have no advanced designs or future
marketing plans."

Patience in Timing
Tips for timing:
"Patience, work with it for ten minutes then walk away for a half
hour. This will prevent frustration. At this time there is no rush
to save the planet. ;) "

I would put my opinion out there – RetroRocket59
If this concept is already owned or controlled by some military or
government agency and considering how many patents are out there,
that the possibility of someone having a leg to stand on in
secreting off to get rich on a patent is bad odds. The number of
people patenting 'mechanical' rotating arrangements over the last
100 years is in effect - astounding. And for one to additionally
create a novel and provable theory on the generation of energy...
it's been done.
---RetroRocket59---


Stator Template -- Arrows Up

From: "TeroRanta" <tero.ranta@bigfoot.com>
Sent: Thursday, March 11, 2004 11:13 PM
Subject: [pes_mxlo] Re: Built a new Unit

I received this bit of information from MXLO 6th March

******
...Also there are arrows that point to the holes on the ends of the
template. When the template is cut there remains small points on the
left of the template from the arrows. These should be facing up with
magnets on outside of stator body.
******

See also: Arrows up (top side) on Stator

click for enlarged view


No Metal in Rotor; Take Your Time

To: "Sterling D. Allan" <sterlingda@pureenergysystems.com>
Sent: Sunday, March 07, 2004 9:01 AM
Subject: Re: Q. Rotor Direction

Good morning Sterling,

The rotor will spin in whichever direction is catches torque. Please point out to your colleagues that they must not use a metal shaft on rotor, nor have any extending materials above rotor top surface, other then magnets and attaching screw. I am very impressed at the rate these experimenters are building the unit and the quality of their craftsmanship.

I am getting the impression though, that they believe they will just surround the rotor and it will spin. Well yes it will, once they have learned to handle it in the zero point field. Please tell them to take their time, and they will succeed.

Thomas Jean

* * * * *

From: "retrorocket59" <retrorocket59@yahoo.com>
Sent: Sunday, March 07, 2004 7:05 AM
Subject: [pes_mxlo] More notes
 
More notes I remembered from Thomas' Discussion:

Thomas said the rotor may go 'either' direction when starting. 

I would suggest you NOT make anything in the rotor area metalic,
(shaft, bearing up high) this will draw a magnetic field towards it
and distort whatever complex shape of field this unit may be
utilizing. 

Also, if you will note the 'spiral' magnetic arrangement...

Kudos on the Lenz law and aluminum explanation, and that a magnet
points to the pole it is indicating.

---RetroRocket59---

Timing Procedure

To: "Sterling D. Allan" <sterlingda@greaterthings.com>
Sent: Monday, March 08, 2004 2:23 PM
 

Hi Sterling,

[...]

As for the building time, when we say 45 minutes to build the device we are referring to having the parts at hand. This time does not relate to the action that is required to run the device, which has been explained as an, up, down, left, right motion. Not everyone will get the unit running as it takes patience.  We have developed a procedure where we have our base marked in units, and we work in individual areas to adjust the device. This is done to prevent trying the same area over and again. Some areas are ideal for speed while others will turn very slowly or not at all. When we were introduced to the device we were not aware of how delicate adjustment was because the device was always running. We have since likened it to the Lester Hendershot device, as he experienced similar difficulty in running his generator coil. It takes patience.
[...]  Those who patiently experiment will learn the principle, because that will be their focus and concern.

Sincerely,

Thomas Jean

* * * * *

From: "TeroRanta" <tero.ranta@bigfoot.com>
Sent: Friday, March 12, 2004 3:42 PM
Subject: [pes_mxlo] Re: Tero's MXLO built, not running yet

Received these adjustment tips from MXLO today (13th Mar 2004):

*****
You must gently glide the stator body to the left, right, forward,
back. This will help you find the zero point. It may take some time
for the exact area to be found but once you have found an area that
allows any full rotations mark it on the base and continue working in
that area. You might also try moving stator up and down slightly.
*****

* * * * *

From: "retrorocket59" <brian@ziponline.com>
Sent: Monday, March 15, 2004 2:46 PM
Subject: [pes_mxlo] Zinc Answer is here

Thankx MXLO [...]:
---RetroRocket59---

"[...] Your unit
will work as is, if you have the patience to find the zero point. 
This is the same thing that is needed for any other magnetic motor.
Even the ones that were built to half scale could work because the
layout is correct to create the effect but the zero point must be
found. Think of it as threading a needle from across a room, it is a
difficult task but it can be done."


Not Same Position Starting as Running

From: "retrorocket59" <brian@ziponline.com>
Sent: Sunday, March 14, 2004 12:40 PM
Subject: [pes_mxlo] More from MXLO

This one I found revealing.  I asked MXLO, When your unit was working, did the 'zero point' tend to be specifically in the center of the stator triangle, or could the aluminum and (its) effectiveness come from it being more toward a corner?  one face?

  "It appears to be exact center when spinning but off center (slightly) when started."

---RetroRocket59---

Zinc-Plated Neos Not Required

Message 1 of 2

From: "easyfly51" <wayne.jones@sait.ab.ca>
Sent: Monday, March 15, 2004 8:33 AM
Subject: [pes_mxlo] RE: Zinc Magnetic Rings

Hi All

Looks like we all used nickel neo's and maybe this is the reason it won't spin. It is on the plans and we overlooked this. I still don't know how the magnetic flux is different zinc vs nickel neo's. Maybe someone knows more. Another thought is to zinc plate what we have and save a little money. Or try cheap ceramic rings for a spin test. Any thoughts. This is what I got back and if ceramic would work!

Later
Wayne


MXLO:
Zinc coated magnets are what we have always used and also what the
plans call for.
There are many websites that sell Zinc coated on the internet. Our provider is in Japan but we are unable to get any magnet supplies at this time.

We cannot say for certain because other have tested using ceramic for
entire unit and have claimed success.

* * * * *

Message 2 of 2

From: "retrorocket59" <brian@ziponline.com>
Sent: Monday, March 15, 2004 2:46 PM
Subject: [pes_mxlo] Zinc Answer is here

Thankx MXLO, they answered my question about the zinc, here it is:

---RetroRocket59---
"You do not need to invest in Zinc, nor does anyone else.  Your unit
will work as is, if you have the patience to find the zero point. 
This is the same thing that is needed for any other magnetic motor.
Even the ones that were built to half scale could work because the
layout is correct to create the effect but the zero point must be
found. Think of it as threading a needle from across a room, it is a
difficult task but it can be done."

Use fine thread to find Triangle center

From: "easyfly51" <wayne.jones@sait.ab.ca>
Sent: Sunday, March 14, 2004 11:37 AM
Subject: [pes_mxlo] RE: My Motor Pics

If you look I used fine thread to find Triangle center. Used this as a reference point and worked around.


click for enlargement

Wayne


Coming into Focus

From: "Sterling D. Allan" <sterlingda@greaterthings.com>
To: "Pure Energy Systems Admin egroup" <pes_admin@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Thursday, March 11, 2004 10:30 AM
Subject: coming into focus
 
I just thought of an analogy.

You know those "magic eye" books and posters?  They look like gobbledygook upon first viewing.  But as you learn to focus your eyes beyond the picture, the picture itself comes into focus in three dimensions.  The trick is to not then let your eyes jump into focus, because that then brings the picture out of focus again.  It is a new focus phenomenon, and it is hard to do at first.  It is not natural.

Once you do this a while, you can get pretty good at it.

I'm guessing that timing this motor will be the same kind of phenomenon.

Sterling

Imbalance May be the Objective

From: Sterling D. Allan
To: PES MXLO project egroup
Sent: Thursday, March 11, 2004 9:59 PM
Subject: CLUE? look at the MXLO rotor photo: slightly askew


Here's something to consider.
 
It may be that a perfectly constructed device is actually not what is desirable here.  I would predict that the perfectly constructed device will result in net zero lines of force.
 
It may be the flaw in the placement of the magnets that puts the device into imbalance and rotation.
 
Take a look at the rotor image provided in the MXLO assembly plans.

"Magnet placement shown in picture is correct placement."

 
Notice that from the vantage of the photo, the right-hand set of magnets is not exactly symmetrical with the left-hand set of magnets.  [They appear askew.]
 
This could be a function of the photo being shot off-center, then copped, so the rotor is centered, which could invalidate my theory.
 
However, this does correspond with what Thomas told me regarding the novice having a better chance at success than the pro.
 
It may be that the variations between plans, and the lack of super accurate specs is a huge clue in itself.  Super accuracy may not be the objective.
 
Something to think about.
 
Sterling

* * * * *

Follow-up:

* * * * *

From: Shukra
Sent: Thursday, March 11, 2004 11:38 PM
Subject: Re: [pes_mxlo] Re: CLUE? look at the MXLO rotor photo: slightly askew

If imbalance is the key to success, (noting what Thomas has said, it seems to be so.), then such imbalance can be created not only by the positioning of the magnets, but also by placing the rotor and the stator asymmetrically. The problem is, while there are trillions of such asymmetrical (or imbalance) positions for a unit, only one of such positions could be effective. The point is, we may have to give less importance to build a perfect unit (physical dimensions), rather have a fairly accurate unit, (let it not necessarily be perfect) and spend all our time and energy to find its own unique positioning suitable to its own unique measurements. For me, this seems to be the reason why Thomas is so "CASUAL" about dimensions, measurements, type of magnet, etc. What I am trying to say is, have a unit and try to find its unique positioning to operate. Then, we all may end up with a unique unit individually.
-Chandra 

Ring Magnets Preferable to Discs

From: "kenny_ppm" <kennethgerke@comcast.net>
Sent: Thursday, March 04, 2004 10:06 PM
Subject: [pes_mxlo] FYI Magnet type


One thing that MXLO did say thru email was that Ring magnets produce a more desirable field than just a solid disc magnet.

Ken


Rotor Magnets non-ring; shaft non-conductive

From: "retrorocket59" <retrorocket59@yahoo.com>
Sent: Monday, March 08, 2004 6:50 AM
Subject: [pes_mxlo] Reply to several posts

Ken H. - I was looking at your photo, is your 'new' rotor shaft
metal?  Thomas told me it should not be conductive.

I posted before, Thomas at mxlo said he preferred to use non-ring,
smaller ceramic buttons on the rotor.  It 'sounded as if' they had
not used neos on the rotor.
---RetroRocket59---

Magnet Gauss level not Crucial

From: "retrorocket59" <retrorocket59@yahoo.com>
Sent: Monday, March 08, 2004 5:43 PM
Subject: [pes_mxlo] Re: Inside Dia of Rings

My HTML plans say Neo magnets are 3/4" x 1/8th.  Different than
yours.  Thomas had said to me that there is flexibility with the
magnets, but someone else mentioned that he said that neo's did tend
to do better.
---RetroRocket59---

MXLO on copper wire and aluminum strip

Sent: Thursday, March 04, 2004 10:58 PM
Subject: Couple more from MXLO
 
Sterling here are a couple of more responses from MXLO to post:
Their responses are in BOLD RED.
Ken
 
Hello, I purchased and received the plans online for the motor today.
I just have a couple quick questions please,

1. The rectifier diode, where does it get soldered to? I didn't see it in the pictures do you have a detailed picture you can send in response with this email? Does the diode solder between the copper wire going out after it the copper wire has been wrapped around the magnets and the lead out? Could you PLEASE send a clear pic of where the diode is soldered in your wiring diagram?

2. The pic is not too clear about the copper wiring, does it wrap around the magnets 2 times, close to middle of plexiglass plates? is that correct?

Thank you very much, Good day
Kenneth Gerke

The diode can be soldered to either lead out. Only 1 is needed. The copper wire wraps around the outer stator body close to the center of the stator and acts as a coil.

If you have any other questions we will answer them but due to the large amount of email we receive it may take a few hours.

Thank you.

After I bought my plans , I wondered what is the role of the aluminum strip?  I understand a revolving magnet produces current in a copper wire, does that hold true for aluminum also?

Without the aluminum on the base there is very little current generated for some reason. When replaced it returns, so the strip is required. 

The pics show neo ring magnets on the stator.
Do neo solid disc magnets with no hole in the middle work the same?

The ring magnets are the ones that we have found to work the best because of the field it creates. It will work with disc magnets but at slower speeds.


Solder of Bearing not Essential

From: "retrorocket59" <brian@ziponline.com>
Sent: Tuesday, March 09, 2004 2:21 PM
Subject: [pes_mxlo] Re: bad student joke

[...]
MXLO related through phone calls and three emails of others here that the bearing/solder thing was a change they discovered would not matter.  It was left in the plans because that is how the plans were given to them.  I got that on the phone.
---RetroRocket59---

No Need for Electrical Connect for Aluminum to Bearing

From: "retrorocket59" <retrorocket59@yahoo.com>
Sent: Sunday, March 07, 2004 8:54 PM
Subject: [pes_mxlo] Re: Aluminum size from hardcopy

I would repeat that last week, Thomas of MXLO said that soldering the bearing was only for stability.  There is no need for an electrical
connection to the bearing. [...]
---RetroRocket59---


Set Apparatus on Non-Mag. Table

Sent: Thursday, March 11, 2004 7:57 PM
Subject: [pes_mxlo] environmental perturbations?

Maybe be wooden box separating the unit from anything metal or from any conducting wires by at least three feet (total guess) would help reduce such possibilities of environmental perturbations.  And on the larger scale, perhaps the unit will work in remote areas better than in electrically congested areas.
 
Sterling

North on compass points to South polarity

From: "elkiv54" <elkiv54@yahoo.no>
Sent: Friday, March 05, 2004 11:06 AM
Subject: [pes_mxlo] Re: Very Confused

To determine which end of a permanent magnet is its north pole and which is its south, take a compass and hold it a reasonable (see note below) distance from one end of the magnet.

If the north end of the compass needle (often the red S end!) points toward this end of the magnet, you know that this end of the magnet is a south pole! That's because opposite poles attract and the "north" end of the compass needle, a north pole, is attracted to south poles.

Interestingly enough, the magnetic pole near the earth's geographic north pole is actually a south magnetic pole. That's why the north pole of the compass needle points toward the earth's north geographic pole.

NOTE: When you use a compass to detect which pole of the magnet is north, be careful not to bring the compass needle too close to the permanent magnet. A strong permanent magnet can remagnetize the compass needle and reverse its poles. To make sure that this hasn't occurred, check to see whether the compass still points toward the north pole after you bring it near strong permanent magnets.

HTH
-Elkiv.

References:


Finding North on Your Magnet, Without a Compass

From: "youhavetoremember" <brian165@hotmail.com>
Sent: Tuesday, March 09, 2004 2:28 PM
Subject: [pes_mxlo] Re: I love this group!

The NORTH end of the compass points to the south pole of a magnet.

The North pole of the Earth IS a SOUTH POLE magnet.

Here is a simpler test, take a piece of foam and put a magnet on it and place this in a sink or tub with water in it, have the N and S fields of the magnet parallel to the water.

  N--S    <-magnet
 ||||||   <-foam
/\/\/\/\  <-water

The foam with magnet on it will then rotate in the water and the NORTH pole of the magnet will point to the Earth's North Pole, aka UP on a map ;)

Wire Gauge Conversion Chart

From: "chorianopoulos2002" <Chris.Horianopoulos@bofasecurities.com>
Sent: Tuesday, March 09, 2004 3:04 PM
Subject: [pes_mxlo] gauge measurements

This links shows a chart for Wire Gauge measurements

http://www.reade.com/Conversion/wire_gauge.html

See also

 

Page posted by SDA March 4, 2004
Last updated July 10, 2004 11:19:49 AM MST

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